For company directors approaching the later stages of their working life, Retirement Relief is one of the most valuable reliefs available under Irish tax law. Used correctly, it can allow the sale or transfer of a business, including shares built up over decades, entirely free of Capital Gains Tax. What's less widely understood is how closely this relief interacts with pension planning — the way a director structures their company's cash and pension contributions can meaningfully change the outcome.
6 Things to Know
It can eliminate or substantially reduce CGT on a business sale
Where the relevant conditions are met and proceeds fall within the applicable threshold, Retirement Relief can reduce your Capital Gains Tax bill to zero. Where proceeds exceed the threshold, marginal relief can still substantially reduce it.
You don't actually have to retire
Despite the name, the relief is available once you meet the age and ownership conditions — you can keep working elsewhere after the disposal.
The thresholds shrink once you turn 70
Full relief on third-party disposals drops from €750,000 to €500,000, and on disposals to children from €10 million to €3 million, once you reach age 70 — timing matters.
Cash left sitting in the company can work against you
Surplus cash and investments not required for the purposes of the trade may be treated as a non-trading asset, which can reduce the proportion of the company's value regarded as qualifying business assets.
Pension funding can be an effective way to reduce surplus cash
Employer pension contributions move value out of the company and reduce corporation tax, which may help preserve the trading nature of the business, alongside building a separate pot for your retirement.
This works best planned years in advance, not months
Both the 10-year ownership test for Retirement Relief and meaningful pension funding take time to build. The earlier this is planned, the more options you have.
Qualifying, and What the Thresholds Actually Mean
To claim Retirement Relief you need to be at least 55, have owned the qualifying assets for a continuous 10 years, and, where it's shares in a family company, have been a working director for 10 years, at least 5 of those full-time. For disposals outside the family, ages 55 to 69 get full relief up to €750,000, dropping to €500,000 from age 70. For disposals to a child, the limit is far higher, €10 million for ages 55 to 69, falling to €3 million from age 70, though this is generally subject to a clawback if the child disposes of the asset again within a number of years. If a sale exceeds the relevant threshold, marginal relief can still cap the CGT liability at 50% of the excess, rather than the full rate applying to the whole gain.
A recent change worth knowing
This age-70 cliff edge is a relatively recent change. Until the end of 2024, the reduced thresholds applied from age 66 rather than 70. Finance Act 2023 pushed the cutoff back to 70, effective for disposals from 1 January 2025 onwards, so older articles or advice referencing age 66 are describing the previous rule.
Where Pensions Come In
Retirement Relief applies to qualifying business assets — the value genuinely attributable to the trade. Where a company has built up cash or investments well beyond what it needs for working capital, Revenue may treat that surplus as a non-trading asset on a facts-and-circumstances basis, rather than under any fixed formula, which can reduce the proportion of a sale that benefits from relief. Many well-run, cautious companies can end up in this position without their directors realising it.
This is where pension funding becomes relevant, not just a nice-to-have alongside it. Employer pension contributions are generally deductible against corporation tax, and once paid, that money is no longer a company asset at all — it sits in a pension trust, entirely separate from the balance sheet. A company that's been consistently funding a director's pension, rather than letting profits accumulate as cash, can present a leaner, more clearly trading-focused business at the point of sale. Every euro moved from surplus company cash into an appropriately structured employer pension contribution reduces the cash retained within the company. In many cases this can help preserve the proportion of the company's value attributable to its trading activities, although the availability of Retirement Relief depends on the overall facts and circumstances.
It's worth being clear that this isn't a free lever to pull. Pension contributions remain subject to Revenue funding rules and must be appropriate to the director's remuneration and service. Maximum funding levels depend on individual circumstances, and professional advice should always be taken before significant employer contributions are made.
Two Ways Surplus Profit Can Sit in a Business
There's a second benefit worth noting alongside this: a pension built up over the years is entirely independent of the sale itself. Retirement Relief depends on finding a buyer and agreeing a price at one particular moment. A pension funded consistently through the company doesn't. For a director who has done both, the eventual position is often a largely or entirely CGT-free business sale, plus a pension providing its own tax-free lump sum (the first €200,000 tax-free, with a 20% rate applying up to €500,000, and a lifetime allowance across all pensions) and ongoing retirement income — two separate reliefs, converging at the same point in life.
Timing Matters on Both Sides
The drop in Retirement Relief thresholds at 70 is a hard cliff edge, giving a real incentive to complete a sale or family transfer before then where possible. On the pension side, a director's fund is separately subject to the Standard Fund Threshold, currently €2.2 million from 2026 and rising to €2.8 million by 2029, above which a 40% Chargeable Excess Tax applies — worth checking before assuming a large final contribution is straightforward. Because both a pension lump sum and Retirement Relief proceeds can potentially fall around the same tax year, this is genuinely a case where the whole exit needs to be modelled together, ideally with your accountant and pension adviser working from the same picture, years before a sale rather than months before.
Planning an eventual exit from your business? We'll work alongside your accountant to build a pension strategy that supports your Retirement Relief position — at no obligation.
Important information: This article is for information purposes only and does not constitute financial, tax, or legal advice. Retirement Relief is a Capital Gains Tax relief governed by Revenue rules that are complex and fact-specific; qualifying conditions, thresholds, and clawback rules should always be confirmed with your accountant or tax adviser for your specific circumstances. Rules are current as at July 2026 and subject to change. Always seek professional regulated advice before making decisions about your company, your pension, or a business sale. Gen Z Financial Solutions Limited trading as Pension Advice is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.